Centralized collection and management of municipal waste in Albania is not yet at an advanced stage, clearly due to infrastructure problems and a lack of financial and technical capacity.
The lack of modern sanitary systems for the disposal of municipal waste caused serious health and environmental problems in the country. Waste management has been assessed in reports by the European Commission as a serious problem for Albania.
85% of waste left after landfill recycling is subject to:
Storage at a landfill
Burial
Dumping in illegal landfills
Throwing into the river to eventually land in the sea
Burning outside.
Landfills where existing landfills are closed are generally not kept to the required parameters and standards, are not insulated and do not have protective measures to prevent the ingress of groundwater, allowing the free flow of heavy metals and other pollutants.